Pipe

All pipe fragments recovered from the shipwreck thought to be Queen Anne's Revenge appear to be of English origin based on observable manufacturing traits. No fragments exhibit a maker's mark of any type. Therefore dating of these pipes fragments was based on two observations (bowl shape and bore diameter) and calculated in three ways to assess a chronological dimension to the assemblage. Based on bowl shape using Oswald's observations (as seen in Noel Hume's 1969 text), three pipes date to the general period of 1690 to 1750 in manufacture, while one appears to date earlier to the 1680 to 1710 period. Using Harrington's observation of bore diameter changes from 17th to 18th century (generally bore diameters became proportionately smaller - narrower - as the stem grew longer) which are subdivided into five distinct categories of diameter (ranging from 9/64th of an inch to 4/64 of and inch as the latest), the nine measurable stem fragments fall into the 1680 to the 1710 period of manufacture.

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