| North Carolina Department of
Cultural Resources personnel with support from the Division of Marine
Fisheries completed the first investigative excavations since 2000 on
the Queen Anne's Revenge shipwreck site the week of October 3 -
8, 2004. The project had multiple goals but the primary focus was to evaluate
the accuracy of the gradiometer surveys conducted in 1999 and 2001 through
test excavations. The field project team included:
Chris Southerly - Project Archaeologist, Field Director
Mark Wilde-Ramsing - Archaeologist, Project Director, Public
Relations
Richard Lawrence - Senior Archaeologist, Branch Head
Nathan Henry - Archaeologist/Conservator, Excavation Supervisor
Dave Moore - Archaeologist, Mapping/Documentation Supervisor
Julep Gillman-Bryan - Dive Safety Officer, Boat Captain, Underwater
Photographer
Jim Martin (Volunteer) - Marine Biologist, Videographer
Sarah Watkins-Kenney - Project Conservator, Recovery Monitoring
Wendy Welsh - Field Conservator, Artifact Documentation, Archaeology
Eric Nordgren - Field Conservator, Artifact Documentation
Karen Browning - Surface Photography, Shore Support
Tom Piner - Captain, R/V Shellpoint
John Masters (Volunteer) - Intersal Diver, Remote sensing

Overall, conditions during the week were favorable with light winds
from the north and relatively calm seas. Visibility varied with the
tides ranging from a maximum of ten feet near high tide to almost zero
during the falling tide. Water temperature was comfortably in the mid-70s.
- Sunday, 3 October: Operating from R/V Snap
Dragon, UAB divers completed site setup. The first diver
located the wreck site and placed the first mooring buoys. The 150-foot
baseline and reference tags were placed while the remaining moorings
were located and buoys placed. A general site reconnaissance was
completed and sand elevation data collected, while two parallel
transect lines marking the excavation area were triangulated and
installed. Only one faint target was located when a controlled metal
detector survey was conducted of the excavation area.
- Monday, 4 October: R/V Shellpoint
was placed on a three-point mooring using the North and West moorings
and the East screweye (NM/WM/ESE). Detailed initial elevations were
recorded along the excavation transect along with probing depths
for buried artifacts while the 6-inch and 3-inch pump intakes were
setup and tested. Excavation commenced in the afternoon while documentation
mapping was completed on newly exposed areas of the site, east of
the main pile. By the end of day, some unidentified concretions
and the cascabel of a cannon were exposed.
- Tuesday, 5 October: Shellpoint again moored on the
NM, WM and ESE. Excavations and mapping continued throughout the
day. Artifacts exposed during excavation included a new cannon (C-23),
two deadeyes, a possible third deadeye, a cook
kettle, a section of wooden plank, two barshot, a lead
concretion, a piece of folded lead, and a pewter plate.
- Wednesday, 6 October: Shellpoint again moored on
NM, WM, and ESE. Excavation was proceeding ahead of schedule so
the decision was made to extend the test area east to the baseline
and twenty feet further west. Excavation continued once transect
lines were extended further west. Mapping began on artifacts uncovered
by the previous day's excavations. Video documentation began of
the exposed portions of the site and the newly opened excavation
area. In addition, an updated biological survey was conducted around
the main ballast pile. A diver-held hardwired video provided images
to non-diving surface personnel and the media visiting the site.
Artifacts exposed during excavation included a chain concretion,
an unidentified "double-rod" concretion, a lead
sounding weight, a cask hoop concretion, and more ballast
stones.
- Thursday, 7 October: Shellpoint again moored on
NM, WM, and ESE. Excavation continued until approximately noon primarily
as cleanup for documentation. Once completed, digital video was
shot of the artifacts in the test excavation. Elevations were taken
on each exposed artifact. The mosaic
photo grid was then assembled and placed at the west
end of the excavation area and digital photographs taken. On reviewing
the images, visibility was too poor for good images and additional
photography was postponed. Detailed mapping continued on the artifacts
exposed throughout the day.
- Friday, 8 October: Shellpoint moored on NM, WM,
and ESE. Mapping continued and visiting scientists were given a
tour while waiting for visibility to improve for photography. Visibility
did not improve sufficiently to allow photography. Several small
objects and concretions were recovered before backfilling the test
excavation. Backfilling was completed and reference lines, baseline,
and moorings were removed from the site.
Throughout the week, Mike Daniel and divers with MRI
were on site. They operated off the vessel Outrageous
V from Discovery Diving of Beaufort. Their goal for the
week was to photo and video document the archaeological activity at
the site for eventual documentary production.
The field project was deemed a success. Based on the
remote sensing survey, archaeologists expected to possibly uncover
one or more cannon. It was hypothesized that excavations were taking
place in the forward
area of the vessel, near the foremast. Therefore, rigging
elements were also expected to be found.
One cannon was indeed found, bringing the count on site
to twenty-three. Three deadeyes
and a possible chainplate assembly were uncovered. The presence of
a small kettle and a pewter plate also supports the hypothesis of
being in the forward area of the vessel where the galley would have
been. The mapping
of scour exposures around the east and southeast side of the main
ballast pile expanded on work done after previous storm events in
2003. Finally, detailed time data was recorded for all aspects of
the fieldwork. This will allow archaeologists and managers to plan
more accurately future efforts on the site in terms of time and funding
required. Sixteen divers (including the eight core research divers)
made 112 dives on the site, over a period of 6 days, for a total bottom
time of 104 hours and 34 minutes.
* Prepared by Chris Southerly
Project Archaeologist, Field Director
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